|
The Transfiguration of Jesus is an episode in the New Testament in which Jesus is transfigured (or metamorphosed) and becomes radiant in glory upon a mountain.〔〔 The Synoptic Gospels (, , ) describe it, and refers to it;〔 it has also been hypothesized that the Gospel of John alludes to it in in John 1:14.〔''Transfiguration'' by Dorothy A. Lee 2005 ISBN 978-0-8264-7595-4 page 103〕 Peter, James, John, Jesus, Moses, and Elijah were on the mount of transfiguration. In these accounts, Jesus and three of his apostles, Peter, James and John, go to a mountain (the Mount of Transfiguration) to pray. On the mountain, Jesus begins to shine with bright rays of light. Then the prophets Moses and Elijah appear next to him and he speaks with them. Jesus is then called "Son" by a voice in the sky, assumed to be God the Father, as in the Baptism of Jesus.〔''Transfiguration'' by Dorothy A. Lee 2005 ISBN 978-0-8264-7595-4 pages 21–30〕 The Transfiguration is one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels.〔Lockyer, Herbert, 1988 ''All the Miracles of the Bible'' ISBN 0-310-28101-6 page 213〕〔Clowes, John, 1817, ''The Miracles of Jesus Christ'' published by J. Gleave, Manchester, UK page 167〕〔Henry Rutter, ''Evangelical harmony'' Keating and Brown, London 1803. page 450〕 This miracle is unique among others that appear in the Canonical gospels, in that the miracle happens to Jesus himself.〔Karl Barth ''Church dogmatics'' ISBN 0-567-05089-0 page 478〕 Thomas Aquinas considered the Transfiguration "the greatest miracle" in that it complemented baptism and showed the perfection of life in Heaven.〔Nicholas M. Healy, 2003 ''Thomas Aquinas: theologian of the Christian life'' ISBN 978-0-7546-1472-2 page 100〕 The Transfiguration is one of the five major milestones in the gospel narrative of the life of Jesus, the others being Baptism, Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Ascension.〔''Essays in New Testament interpretation'' by Charles Francis Digby Moule 1982 ISBN 0-521-23783-1 page 63〕〔''The Melody of Faith: Theology in an Orthodox Key'' by Vigen Guroian 2010 ISBN 0-8028-6496-1 page 28〕 In 2002, Pope John Paul II introduced the Luminous Mysteries in the Rosary, which includes the Transfiguration. In Christian teachings, the Transfiguration is a pivotal moment, and the setting on the mountain is presented as the point where human nature meets God: the meeting place for the temporal and the eternal, with Jesus himself as the connecting point, acting as the bridge between heaven and earth.〔''Transfiguration'' by Dorothy A. Lee 2005 ISBN 978-0-8264-7595-4 page 2〕 == New Testament accounts == In the Synoptic Gospels, (Matthew 17:1–9, Mark 9:2–8, Luke 9:28–36) the account of the transfiguration happens towards the middle of the narrative.〔The Cambridge companion to the Gospels'' by Stephen C. Barton ISBN pages 132–133〕〔''The Content and the Setting of the Gospel Tradition'' by Mark Harding, Alanna Nobbs 2010 ISBN 978-0-8028-3318-1 pages 281–282〕 It is a key episode and almost immediately follows another important element, the ''Confession of Peter'': "you are the Christ".〔〔Matthew 16:16, Mark 8:29, Luke 9:20〕 The Transfiguration narrative acts as a further revelation of the identity of Jesus as the Son of God to some of his disciples.〔〔 In the Gospels, Jesus takes Peter, James, son of Zebedee and his brother John the Apostle with him and goes up to a mountain, which is not named. Once on the mountain, Matthew (17:2) states that Jesus "was transfigured before them; his face shining as the sun, and his garments became white as the light." At that point the prophets Elijah and Moses appear and Jesus begins to talk to them.〔 Luke states that they spoke of Jesus' ''exodus'' (εξοδον) which he was about to accomplish in Jerusalem.〔Lk 9:31〕 Luke is also specific in describing Jesus in a state of glory, with Luke 9:32 referring to "they saw His glory".〔''Transfiguration'' by Dorothy A. Lee 2005 ISBN 978-0-8264-7595-4 pages 72–76〕 Just as Elijah and Moses begin to depart from the scene, Peter begins to ask Jesus if the disciples should make three tents for him and the two prophets. This has been interpreted as Peter's attempt to keep the prophets there longer.〔 But before Peter can finish, a bright cloud appears, and a voice from the cloud states: "This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased; listen to him". The disciples then fall to the ground in fear, but Jesus approaches and touches them, telling them not to be afraid. When the disciples look up, they no longer see Elijah or Moses.〔 When Jesus and the three apostles are going back down the mountain, Jesus tells them to not tell anyone "the things they had seen" until the "Son of Man" has risen from the dead. The apostles are described as questioning among themselves as to what Jesus meant by "risen from the dead".〔''Mark'' by Douglas R. A. Hare 1996 ISBN 978-0-664-25551-0 page 104〕 In addition to the principal account given in the Synoptic Gospels; in 2 Peter 1:16–18, the Apostle Peter describes himself as an eyewitness "of his magnificence." Elsewhere in the New Testament, Paul the Apostle's reference in 2 Corinthians 3:18 to the "transformation of believers" via "beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord" became the theological basis for considering the Transfiguration as the basis for processes which lead the faithful to the knowledge of God.〔''Systematic Theology'' by Lewis Sperry Chafer 1993 ISBN 978-0-8254-2340-6 page 86〕〔''The Synoptics: Matthew, Mark, Luke by Ján Majerník, Joseph Ponessa, Laurie Watson Manhardt'' 2005 ISBN 1-931018-31-6, page 121〕 Although Matthew 17 lists the disciple John as being present during the Transfiguration, the Gospel of John has no account of it.〔''Metamorphosis: The Transfiguration in Byzantine Theology And Iconography'' by Andreas Andreopoulos (Oct 30, 2005) ISBN 0881412953 pages 43–44〕〔''The Gospel According to John'' by D. A. Carson (Dec 31, 1991) ISBN pages 92–94〕〔''The Bible Knowledge Commentary'' by John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck (Jul 1, 1983) ISBN 0882078127 page 268〕 This has resulted in debate among scholars, some suggesting doubts about the authorship of the Gospel of John, others providing explanations for it.〔〔 One explanation (that goes back to Eusebius of Caesarea in the fourth century) is that John wrote his gospel not to overlap with the synoptic gospels, but to supplement it, and hence did not include all of their narrative.〔 Others believe that the Gospel of John does in fact allude to the Transfiguration, in John 1:14.〔''Transfiguration'' by Dorothy A. Lee 2005 ISBN 978-0-8264-7595-4 page 103〕 This is not the only incident not present in the fourth gospel, and the institution of the Eucharist at the Last Supper is another key example, indicating that the inclusion of material in the fourth gospel was selective.〔 The general explanation is thus the Gospel of John was written thematically, to suit his theological purposes, and has a less narrative style than the synoptics.〔〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Transfiguration of Jesus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|